Fatemeh Nili - Department of Anatomical and Clinical Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
samaneh salarvand - Department of Anatomical and Clinical Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Reza Ghalehtaki - Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hana Safar - Department of Anatomical and Clinical Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Introduction: Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, an extremely rare tumor of the female genital tract, derives from the remnants of embryonic mesonephric ducts and its diagnosis, prognosis and treatment is kind of challenging. Case presentation: We report a case of 46 year-old woman with history of abnormal uterine bleeding and enlarged uterine cervix on physical examination without obvious mass lesion. She was clinically underdiagnosed as cervical myoma and mesonephric hyperplasia. After simple hysterectomy, stage IB2 mesonephric adenocarcinoma was diagnosed. Despite adjuvant chemoradiation, she presented with peritoneal and locoregional recurrence in less than one year after adjuvant treatment. Discussion: Mesonephric hyperplasia in cervical biopsy specimen, in the presence of abnormal bleeding and cervical mass should be suspected for adenocarcinoma. Radical hysterectomy and complete staging with or without salpingo-oophorectomy is the mainstay of treatment planning. Despite all ambiguities, due to small number of the reported cases, overall prognosis seems to be poorer than conventional adenocarcinoma.

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Mesonephric Ducts, Adenocarcinoma, Gynecologic Neoplasms; Rare Diseases