Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Water Consumption of the Wheat Crop (Triticumaestivum L.) in Semi-arid Areas

Publish Year: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
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CFAS01_251

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 20 آبان 1397

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during the 2017/2018 winter season in the Yusufiya area 15 km southwest of Baghdad. The study aims to know the effect of complete irrigation treatments (after 50-55% depletion of ready water) and two non-sequential interruptions of irrigation on the growth stages of the branches, elongation, flowering and seed maturity of the wheat crop (variety: Triticumaestivum L.) and its components under field conditions. It also aims to determine the water needs of the wheat crop in addition to indentify the efficiency of water use. A complete random sectors design have been used with three replicates and five irrigation treatments. The seed of wheat ,a category of Aba 99, was planted on 5/12/2017 and harvested on 1/5/2018. The amount of irrigation water in each irrigation was calculated based on the moisture content measurements of the layer 0-30 cm for the soil after irrigation and before the next irrigation along the growth season. The Reference Crop Evapotranspiration was calculated by using the FAO Penman-Monteith equation. Crop coefficient (Kc) and water use efficiency were calculated as well. The full irrigation treatment gave the highest value of the added water amount of 411 mm for the season and decreased to 346, 351, 348 and 351 mm at the limited irrigation treatments during the stages of the extension ,elongation, flowering and grain maturity, respectively. The irrigation water supply rate was 15.8%, 14.6%, 15.4% and 14.6% for the limited irrigation treatments at the extension, elongation, flowering and grain maturity stages, respectively, compared to the full irrigation treatment. The limited irrigation treatments did not cause a significant decrease in grain crop at all stages of growth compared to full irrigation treatment except the irrigation treatment during the elongation stage, which decreased significantly, with a mean average yield of 4.133 tons. The percentage decrease was 7.1%, 16.7%, 12.1%, and 10.6% for irrigation interruptions during the stages of elongation, flowering and grain maturity, respectively. The irrigation treatment during the flowering stage gave the highest value for the efficiency of field crop and water use, it reached 1.33 and 1.27 kg, respectively.

Authors

Diaa Fliah Hassan

AlQasim Green University – Water Resources Engineering College

Thamer Yahya Alshebly

Ministry of Water Resources – Iraq

Rafal Jasim Mohammed

AlQasim Green University – College of Agriculture