Association between dietary habits and physical activity with risk of breast cancer among young women in Southern Iran: A case-control study

Background and Aim: Diet and physical inactivity represent 30–35% of risk factors that contribute to the onset of cancer. The issue that if certain dietary patterns can affect the risk of breast cancer or not, remained controversial. The concerns about this issue are considered like a Hot topic for oncologists and general population.Materials and Methods: From March 2016 through September 2017, 1010 young women aged 20 to 55 with breast cancer were recruited at a referral centre (Faghihi hospital) in Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected from questionnaire, medical, and histopathology reports. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify BC risk factors.Results: Findings of this study shown that, compare to healthy controls, younger marital age (odds ratio [OR]=0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.188_0.685), history of breast disease (OR=4.71, 95%CI: 2.67_8.34), family history of BC (OR=3.41, 95%CI: 1.93_6.02), oral contraceptive [OC] use (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.31_2.38) and smoking (OR=2.48, 95%CI: 1.56_3.96). On the other hand, eating red meat (OR=1.159, 95%CI: 1.04_1.28), eating fish (OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.33_1.80), never eating fruit (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.07_3.82), often eat pickles (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.31_0.70) and physical activity more than 30 min per day (OR=0.67, 95%CI= 0.47_0.98) was directly associated risk of breast cancer.Conclusion: Present study support the hypothesis that food habits and physical activity can contribute to the risk of breast cancer. In other words, food habits or low physical activity, that result in overweight/obesity, increase the incidence of breast cancer.

Keywords:

Breast cancer , Diet , Risk factors , Epidemiology , Lifestyle , Physical activity