Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharide Of Persian Gulf Sargassum Species In Vivo

Introduction and Background: Sulfated polysaccharide extracted from seaweed has various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-clotting, and anti-oxidant activity. Many red and brown algae have the sulfated polysaccharide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown algae Sargassum in vivo. Methods: Briefly, Persian Gulf brown algae were washed and dried shade for 3 days. Dried seaweed was ground and sieved to pass through a 500 mm sieve. 50 g of dried ground seaweed was extracted in 1 L of 0.03 M HCl with continuous stirring at 200 rpm for 4 h at 90 o C water bath. The suspended seaweed was filtered, and the extract was precipitated using 60% ethanol for the production of the sulfated polysaccharide. The acute anti-inflammatory activity of sulfated polysaccharide of Sargassum sp. was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats in four group, includes control, positive control, negative control, and sulfated polysaccharide groups. Results and Discussion: Edema after injection carrageenan is measurable. After 30 minutes, edema is almost the same in all three groups (control+, control-, sulfated polysaccharide). After one hour, the mean of paw edema in the negative control group increased 15% but in positive and sulfated polysaccharide group are the same and they increased by only 2%. Pick of inflammation was occurred 3 hours after injection. In this time, edema in control – group increased 80%, control + increased 39%, and sulfated polysaccharide group increased 20%. After that paw edema decreased in all groups. Conclusion: Seaweed polysaccharides have various biological activities, including anti-inflammation. Carrageenan has been used for decades to induce inflammation and to study the mediators of inflammation and the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory mediators. The polysaccharides purified from the brown algae Sargassum sp. possesses anti-inflammatory effect that can be a possible candidate for the development of new drugs to treat various inflammatory diseases.

Keywords:

Anti-Inflammatory , Brown algae , Sargassum sp , Sulfated Polysaccharide