Personalized medicine in cancer targeted therapy

Introduction and Objective: The term personalized medicine has gained widespread acceptance in field of oncology, where it most often refers to a vision of cancer treatment which is tailored to individual patients based on the molecular profile of their tumour. In addition, scientists are developing and using diagnostic tests based on genetics or other molecular mechanisms to better predict patients’ responses to targeted therapy. Molecular characterization of tumour cells enables refinement of classifications for many cancers and can sometimes guide treatment. Materials and Methods: The retrieved studies were searched through the PubMed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, Scopus, databases. Different studies have been demonstrated that the application of novel compounds in clinical trials has revealed promising results. Furthermore expanded knowledge of the molecular basis of cancer has shown that significant differences in gene sequence and expression patterns can guide therapy for a variety of solid tumors such as breast cancer (HER2 overexpression test, approved drug is Herceptin), colorectal cancer (KRAS and BRAF testing, Panitumumab; Cetuximab), lung cancer ( EGFR amplification testing, Gefitinib, Erlotinib) and CML- chronic myeloid leukaemia ( BCR-ABL Mutation Analysis Test, Imatinib).Result and Conclusion: Profiling and identifying the complete landscape of genomic changes in individual cancers would be invaluable not only for understanding the basic mechanisms of cancer development and progression, but also in developing personalized cancer treatments. Therapies over the past decade, use of more-specific therapies that are targeted to each tumour.

Keywords:

personalized medicine , cancer , Targeted therapy