Studying the Geographic Pathology of Babesiosis in Fahraj City

Background: Geographic pathology is the title given to the relatively young branch of medical sciences and aims to find the causal relationship between the geographicalenvironment and indigenous diseases, identifying the focal point of diseases, knowing the relationship between the region s climate and disease, and determination of the role of each of these climatic components in the incidence of a disease. Objectives: Babesiosis or Tick fever is a zoonotic parasitic infection that infects humans and a large group of vertebrates, especially ruminants. The cause of this disease is a compulsory intracellular protozoan from Babesia genus, and its transmission is carried out by mites from the Ixodidae family. Symptoms of disease in humans and animals include by mites from the Ixodidae family. Symptoms of disease in humans and animals include sudden increase in temperature, restlessness, weakness and slimming, and loss of appetite, severe anemia, and red blood cell lysis and existence of hemoglobin in the urine. In the spring and summer, due to the proliferation and increase of mites, it seems that the incidence of Babesiosis in humans and animals also increases. Fahraje city is more exposed to Babesia infection due to its desert climate with high air temperatures and long sunny hours. Considering the similar transmission of this disease to humans and livestock, this study attempts to investigate the relationship between some climatic parameters such as air temperature and sunny hours with the prevalence of this disease in sheep in Fahraj city as an example of human Babesiosis infection Materials and Methods: In this applied-correlation study, after collecting library resources, climatic data including sunshine hours and air temperature were obtained fromthe synoptic station of Bam city for the period of 2010-2014, and data related to sheep with Babesia disease were collected from veterinary office of Fahreh city during the mentionedperiod. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS and EXCEL software. Results: The highest prevalence of the disease occurred in august and September. Climaticparameters show that there is a correlation between air temperature and infection rate and also shows direct relation between sunny hours and the prevalence of the disease. Conclusion: Due to the fact that Fahraj is part of arid and semi-arid regions, seasonal differences are high, therefore, the prevalence of Babesiosis in sheep is high and climatic parameters including air temperature and sunshine hours are involved in its prevalence and since the transmission of this zoonotic disease in humans and animals is similar, it ispossible to conclude that the geographic pathology is effective in the prevalence of Babesiosis in this region.

Keywords:

Babesiosis , Climatic , Zaynose , Faharej , Zoonosis