ASSOCIATION OF THE DIETARY INFLAMMATORY INDEX WITH PROSTATE CANCER RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES

Background and Aim: The role of diet in the modification of chronic inflammation and prostate cancer (PCa) development was indicated in numerous studies. The association of dietary inflammatory index (DII), a newly developed tool to assess the inflammatory potential of diet, and PCa has been investigated in various studies, although the obtained results have been inconsistent. Hence, we provided a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to assay the association between the DII and risk of PCa. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from inception through July 2018 in order to recognize the observational studies with the aim of investigating the association between the DII and PCa incidence. From a total of 35 papers obtained at the initial database search, seven studies (six were case-control studies and one was cohort study) were identified to include in meta-analyses.Results: Meta-analyses of studies indicated the pooled adjusted odds ratio (OR) of PCa for pro-inflammatory diet (highest DII score category) versus the first category was 1.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.59). When the DII was analyzed as a continues variable, the results of meta-analyses represented an increased risk of PCa of 10% per one unit increment in the DII score.Conclusion: The results of analyses indicated that pro-inflammatory diet (higher DII) was associated with increased incidence of prostate cancer.

Keywords:

Diet , Inflammation , Prostatic neoplasms