ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FROM MARITIME TRANSPORTATION AND AIR TRANSPORTATION: CASE STUDY IN IRAN

Maritime transportation plays a dual role in the CO2 emissions. On the one hand, it can rise carbon dioxide emissions due to the highly great amount of cargos whichthey are transferring, burning an extremely high volume of fuels which leads to considerable CO2 emissions [1]. On the other hand, it might be considered as an CO2 emissionsdeflator due to its higher capability of carrying bulk cargos [2]. Moreover, it is effective on the economic growth. In addition to the maritime transportation, the airtransportation has its own effects on the environmental pollution and economic growth. It can increase the level of CO2 emissions; and it might heighten the level ofeconomic growth. The environmental and economic effects of air transportation can be compared with the corresponding effects of sea transportation [3, 4] The main purpose of this study is to compare the maritime transportation effects with air transportation ones on the environment and economy of Iran to discover the most economic and the cleanest transportation mode.