The application of tracers to study submarine groundwater discharge into Gorgan Bay, Northern Iran

Publish Year: 1388
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
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ICWR01_033

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 15 آذر 1388

Abstract:

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into lakes, seas and oceans is a source of nutrients and chemicals to these water bodies which may affect their quality and ecosystem. In July 2008, water samples were collected from 7 locations from Gorgan Bay (Caspian Sea, northern Iran) as well as the adjoining coastal aquifer to evaluate the quantity of SGD into the bay. In addition to field temperature and electrical conductivity, samples were analyzed for nitrate, the stable isotopic compositions (2H and 18O content) of water, and both the concentration and the stable carbon isotopic compositions of methane, ethane, and TIC, as well as both the concentration and the stable isotopic compositions (15N and 18O content) of nitrous oxide. Electrical conductivity and temperature of groundwater samples is around 2300 μS/cm and 21ْ C respectively, while that of bay water is circa 20,000 μS/cm and 24ْ C. The results show that bay water samples are slightly depleted in the deuterium by the distance from the shore (-7 - -49%. VSMOW) and the groundwater is substantially lighter than bay water (-41 %. VSMOW). Groundwater is highly rich in methane and the concentration of methane in bay water is 2-3 folds that of air saturation level. Carbon-13 of methane in groundwater samples and bay water samples is similar, around-70% VPDB. This is a good indication that the source of methane in the bay water is SGD. However, there are some other evidences (e.g. around-70%. VPDB of carbon-13 of methane in bay water) that the source of methane in bay water is in situ production by microbial activity. Other results such as carbon-13 of ethane and isotope composition of N2O are discussed in this paper and the need for further studies is explained.

Authors

G.A. Kazemi

Faculty of Earth Scıences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

D.K. Komatsu

Department of Earth and Planetary System Science, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

U. Tsunogai

Department of Earth and Planetary System Science, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

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