Investigation of interaction between new microclimate due to dam construction on the old basic climate and ecology of the sub basin of dam in the arid and hot areas using microzonation of watershed climate (technical study on Razeh Dam in Iran)

Climate is the interaction affects of meteorological parameters and the main and basic quality of the weather in the selected region or average weather of an the area. In the identification of climate there are some other effective characters such as physical, chemical and environmental conditions. In this research the investigation of microclimate due to construction of dam reservoir and creation of artificial lake in the operation period of dam, focusing on the interaction between climate of the sub basin of dam and ecological imbalances, has been studied, using Geographic Information System (GIS) in microzonation climatically in the sub basin of Razeh dam, located in Southern Khorasan Province of Iran that is a part of Hamoun basin. So the basic climate was studied with raster calculation in GIS on the long term data of meteorological and hydrological parameters at the mentioned basin in Demartonne and Selyaninov methods before dam construction. Then prediction of new created microclimate was done by the classic methods. Regarding to gradually watering the dam reservoir, in the climate change process we have no shock on the basic climate and the new microclimate can match to the old basic climate and they have the compatible joint with each other and create a new soft change in the basin climate. New habitats and sensitivity of different species, in this climate change, have been studied based on wildlife biological studies of sub basin. Results show destruction of vegetation around aquatic ecosystems its habitat and nutritional role. On the other hands, loss of aquatic habitat unity, cause imbalance dispersion of aquatic fauna. By this climate change, new ecological conditions will be provided for some species like migratory birds and amphibians at the bank of the reservoir. With respect to basic climate of the region, which is arid and hot, some sensitive species migrate from their original habitat.

Keywords:

Climate Microzonation , Dam Construction , Arid and Hot Area , Basic Climate