Evaluation of Conservative Voltage Reduction on Industrial Loads Considering Impacts of Electric Vehicles Chargers

This paper extends annual optimization model of conservative voltage reduction (CVR) to seasonal optimizationframework in order to consider time-varying loads and sources such as PHEVs chargers and Photovoltaic sources. Inthe CVR operation, loads reductions and energy conservation occur as a result of, reducing voltage magnitude to theoptimal level. In this model, industries invested in CVR implementation and their investment amount has to come backto investors by the certain internal rate of return (IRR) until the project horizon. The investment amount will back toinvestors by energy conservation which reduces electric bills and incentives which are offered by utilities. Ontarioprovince power system is selected as a case study of this paper, and all industrial, nonindustrial, PHEVs, andPhotovoltaic cells are modeled from the point of the transmission network.

Keywords:

Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) , Demand Side Management (DSM) , Internal Rate of Return (IRR) , Nonlinear Optimization , Probabilistic Model