Ciamak Ghazaei - Mohaghegh Ardabili University

The regulation of gene expression is a fundamental process and mis-regulation may be related to a disorder. Theoretically, while gene expression could be controlled at any step, for maximum genes, major form of regulation includes control on the gene transcription initiation are the. Different controls can act in the pathway from DNA to protein to modulate the quantity of gene product that is made. The posttranscriptional controls operate after RNA polymerase are bound to the gene s promoter, and are important for several genes. Pathogenesis is the mechanism by using which disease develops and virulence factors help the pathogen to invade the host. Post transcriptional mRNA performs essential roles in pathways associated with virulence. Few modulators of post-transcriptional regulation for pathogenesis and virulence include small RNAs, riboswitches, quorum sensing, and thermosensors. The role of temperature, two component systems, lipids, toxin-antitoxin system, CsrA or its homolog RsmA in virulence has been studied using several examples of the microbial world. In this review, we discuss the comprehensive know-how modulation of gene expression networks that drive virulence. The information presented here will help in integrating our knowledge in understanding the link between virulence, disease and the factors involved to enable the design of several novel drug targets

Gene expression, Post transcriptional, Pathogenesis, CsrA, Virulence, Disease