Study of pathogenic fungi associated with Iridaceae family in western Iran

In plants family, Iridaceae have important species, some of which are widely used. Also, many of them are dispersed in various rangelands of Iran, which can be used for animals and eventually humans. These plants have a swollen underground substrate that is attacked by many fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Therefore, their identification in Iran and especially in western Iran due to its rich vegetation is very important. In this study, the Underground part of infected plants was collected from different regions of western Iran and cultured on a wateragar culture medium (WA) in the laboratory after 24 -48 hours of germinated sporulated fungi on the culture medium (potato-dextrose agar) PDA and sporadic sporulation steps. Using the identification key, fungal species were identified including Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sac., Rhizoctonia sp. For classification, fungus F. Solani is in the Division of defective fungi, the Class of Deutromycetes, in Order Tuberculariales, and in the Tuberculariaceae Family and Rhizoctonia sp is located in the Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Cantharellales, Ceratobasidiaceae family. These fungi contain a wide range of toxins such as fumonisins, foraminifera, and fusaric that threaten the health of human and animals. So that it weakens the immune system of animals used by these plants and ultimately leads to the human diet and causes liver cancer and pulmonary disease in animals and humans.

Keywords:

Fusarium , Iridaceae , Rhizoctonia , Toxin