Genetic testing for personalized nutrition: Do our genes determine what we should eat

There is increasing awareness among researchers, educators, healthcare professionals and consumers that the one-size-fits-all, population-based approach to nutritional guidance is inefficient and sometimes ineffective. Numerous studies have now shown that variations in certain genes can explain why some individuals respond differently from others to the same foods, beverages and supplements they consume for health. Randomized controlled trials of genetic information on personalized nutrition also showed that giving DNA-based dietary advice is superior to population-based recommendations for improving compliance. A number of consumer genetic testing services for wellness and athletic performance are available, but their clinical utility and validity remains controversial. With increasing consumer demand, there is a need for healthcare professionals to have sufficient knowledge to understand the science behind these innovative tests, determine their benefits and limitations and learn which ones provide clinically actionable information.