Abdul Sattar Dogonchi - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
Ali J. Chamkha - Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Sultan Endowment for Energy and Environment, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar ۳۱۹۵۲, Saudi Arabia | RAK Research and Innovation Center, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah,
Seyyed Masoud Seyyedi - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
Mehdi Hashemi-Tilehnoee - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

In this work, free convection of Cu-water nanofluid in an enclosure by considering internally heat generated in the porous circular cavity and the impacts of viscous dissipation are numerically evaluated by control volume finite element method (CVFEM). The outer and inner sides of the circular porous enclosure are maintained at a fixed temperature while insulating the other two walls. The impacts of diverse effective parameters including the Rayleigh number, viscous dissipation, and nanofluid concentration on features of heat transfer and fluid flow are examined. Moreover, a new correlation for the average Nusselt number is developed according to the study’s active parameters. It can be deduced by the results that the maximum value of the temperature is proportional to the viscous dissipation parameter.

Free convection of nanofluid, Porous circular enclosure, Viscous dissipation, CVFEM, Nusselt number