Khadijeh Abdal - assistant professor , Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

Cancer and pre-cancerous lesions of the oral cavity, diseases that can be detected and timely treated when referring to patients for dental care in the case of a dentist s attention and careful examination of the health of the oral tissues . Diagnostic techniques are constantly changing in all medical centers in the world and Recently, the use of modern diagnostic methods in the field of dentistry has been very important . Today, the use of molecular biology methods (application of Biomarkers and Gene expression ), immunohistochemical staining, monoclonal antibodies, Insitu hybridization, immunofluorescence, molecular tests such as the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Cytogenomic array technology in the early diagnosis of oral lesions in the early diagnosis of oral lesions, it is one of the honors of the community of dentistry . Because cancer causes changes in the biological structure of the tissues recently, the use of randomized laser can be a way to detect healthy and cancerous biopsy specimens. The most common symptoms of oral cancer are a change in the color of the tissues in the mouth (white or reddened), ulcers or lesions, aphthous-like that in most cases involved the borders of the tongue, floor of the mouth and buccal mucosa . Currently the most common method for detection of oral lesions is used, biopsy techniques as a rule, any wound and lesions that remain in the mouth for more than two weeks and not removed, a biopsy is indicated and should be evaluated for malignancy or benignity . Considering that oral cavity cancers grow rapidly and cause destraction of the tissues of the head and neck region, therefore, early diagnosis of oral lesions, in the treatment of patients is effective and it improves the quality of life of patients.

oral cancer , diagnosis , immunohistochemical staining