Frequency of osteoporosis, osteopenia and effective factors in decreasing bone density in patients with bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis) in Qazvin city in 2015-2017

Introduction: Bronchiectasis, abnormal thickening of the wall and central and middle bronchial dilatation due to the defective cycles of transmural inflammation and mediated by the release of mediators. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are two complications that occur in the disease. Our aim in this study is to evaluate patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in terms of osteopenia and vasopression in Qazvin.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in three lung clinics in Qazvin from 2015 to 2017. All patients with bronchiectasis were included in this 3-year study, including 53 patients with bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis). Demographic characteristics such as age, sex, height and weight of patients, and information on bone density of the spine and thigh were collected. Data were then entered into the SPSS software (version 20) and T-test and chi-square were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of patients participating in the study was osteopenia and osteoporosis 39.4 ± 8.4 and in subjects with osteopenia, 42.7 ± 13.8 and osteoporosis was 55.6 ± 10.6. 22.6% of the patients were in normal range, and 35.8% and 41.5% had osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. In femoral neck examination, 26.9% were normal and 51.9% and 21.2% respectively had osteoporosis. There was a significant relationship between age and bone loss (p = 0.001). There is also a significant relationship between female sex, high body mass index and frequency of exacerbation with decreasing bone density. (P <0.05)Conclusion: Our study, similar to the two studies, showed that decreasing bone density in patients with bronchiectasis is a relatively common complication. The incidence of bronchiectasis and decreased bone density increases with increasing age and gender. Appropriate screening followed by appropriate treatment can increase bone density in these patients. It is recommended that studies be conducted to prevent this complication and provide some solutions.

Keywords:

Bronchiectasis , Osteoporosis , Osteopenia , Bone density