Mahmood Amani - iomedical Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch
Azadeh Asefnejad - Biomedical Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch
Mehdi Movahedi - Biomedical Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch

The materials and approaches that utilize static or time-varying uniform magnetic fields seem to be the most promising for clinical translation, because generation of uniform magnetic fields across large animals or even humans is a relatively scalable task in contrast to approaches where gradient fields are utilized for the same goal. Although methodologies involving magnetic-responsive biomaterials demonstrate great potential for developing functional and vascularized tissues, efficient delivery of cell-based therapies and capabilities to control directional cell growth, the future clinical success of this methodology will depend on addressing the current challenges of the field.First, the acute toxicity and potential long-term adverse effects of magnetic biomaterials should be well understood. Although most materials used in CTE are biodegradable or derived from a biological origin, the biocompatibility and safety of the materials need to be thoroughly assessed to eliminate the potential risks associated with their future clinical use. Second, there is a need for materials that enable a high degree of spatial control of cell behavior. Current materials are mainly prepared using bulk methods, which do not allow precise and custom control of the nanomaterial patterns

Magnetic-Responsive Materials, Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering,nanocomposite scaffolds