Safa Tahmasebi - Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh - Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.

Introduction Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults and is virtually incurable with conventional therapies. IL-13Rα2 receptor that overexpressed in more than 58% of glioblastomas, but not expressed at high levels on normal brain tissue. In addition, IL13Rα2 expression is a prognostic indicator of poor patient survival and tumor invasiveness. One approach to cancer immunotherapy of glioblastoma is known as safety and feasibility trial of an IL13Rα2-specific CAR T cell. Objectives The aim of this systematic review study is to evaluatethe advantages of Immunotherapy with GBM-specific CARs, known as an attractive approach tocombat the complexity of glioblastomato improve treatment outcomes. Methods Published articles were accomplished fromGoogle Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct from 2010 to 2018 review articles. Approximately 42 articles initially found and then 23 articles to the aim of study were identified and reviewed. Results Given an ability of T cells to penetrate the BBB and infiltrate tumors, the CAR T cells have the potential to serve as a unique cytotoxic tool specifically targeting primary tumors or metastases that localize to the brain. The advantages of IL13Rα2-CAR T cells against glioblastoma are including, enhancement of T-cell trafficking to CNS, engraftment and persistence, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and monitoring of glioma response to CAR T cells in glioma immune suppressive state. ConclusionConsidering glioblastoma is incurable with conventional therapies, it is possible to use a variety of IL13Rα2-CAR T cells as a safe and effective therapeutic approach to increase the treatment of this cancer

Glioma, Immune cell therapy, CAR T, IL13Ra2