Application of PEN-3 model in training breast cancer screening behaviors among female teachers of Isfahan

Introduction & Aim: Breast cancer is the foremost type of malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Breast cancer screening is an effective way for reducing breast cancer mortality. While screening has improved, significant numbers of women are not at the recommended level. Therefore this study aimed to training breast cancer screening behaviors among female teachers of Isfahan. Methods: This is a quasi –experimental, pre- post-interventional study. Study samples were 120 volunteer teachers who were randomly divided into two groups of control and intervention. A questionnaire which was designed based on PEN-3 model considered to gathering the data. Four 90-minute training sessions were conducted for the intervention group to modify the perceptual and enabling factors. The behaviors of Breast self-examination (BSE), Breast clinical examination (BCE) and mammography (MMG) in both group was evaluated in pre-training and sixth months after the last training session using SPSS20 software and appropriate statistical tests.Results: The frequency of BSE, BCE and MMG was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to control group six months after the intervention, (P= 0/02, 0/04 and 0/01 respectively). The mean score of perceptual and enabling factors in 3 and 6 months after the intervention in the intervention group was significantly more than the control group (P<0/001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the perceptual factors were significant predictor to performing breast cancer screening behaviors in teachers. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that education based on the PEN-3 model constructs was effective in changing breast cancer screening behaviors.

Keywords:

Breast cancer screening , PEN-3 model , Education intervention , Teacher , Iran.