Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim - Associate Professor of Weed Science, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
Rouzbeh Zangoueinejad - PhD student in Weed Science, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abiotic stress conditions cause extensive losses to agricultural production worldwide. The acclimatization of plants to climate change was make proportional response and causes well-set feedback in many category of genes. Global warming is generating rapid changes in temperature. Plant acclimation to climate change needs an appropriate response to the exact environmental condition. GM crops enable a promising way to decrease yield losses, ameliorate growth, and provide a confident food supply for a growing world population. One of the strategies for creating transgenic plants using gene silencing by small RNAs. Some scientists stated that the Orobanche M6PR gene is a potential target for attempts to control this parasite. Transgenic tomato plants were produced bearing a specific 277-bp segment from M6PR-mRNA of Orobanche aegyptiaca. M6PR-siRNA was found in three separate and independent tomato lines (transgenic) in the R1 generation, but was not detected in Orobanche aegyptiaca. On the other hand, global temperature in different years and regions is changing, whether such genetic changes recommended for weed management and sustainable use. Because, heat stress has been reported to change small RNAs (miRNA) expression in some plant species, so the researchers reported that in Brassica rapa seedlings which was exposed to high temperature (46 oC for 1 h), miR399b, miR827, miR5716, and miR1885b.3 levels were decreased. So it seems that gene silencing process which causes transgenic plants should be tested in different and unusual temperature ranges and maybe it seems like that it does not work well in climate change especially in global warming.

Global warming, GM crops, Small RNAs