Fatemeh Farahmand - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Ali Kiano - MashhadUniversity of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Human Alizadeh - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehrzad Mahdizadeh - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction Group B streptococcus is the main reason of neonatal infection in developed countries and causes a widespread clinical indications. In developing countries such as Iran, its rate of appearance is not determined. With regard to colonization and the relative high epithelia of group B streptococcus, it is likely that the incidence of group B streptococcus in neonatal sepsis is so high.In the present study, we attempted to use the molecular methods to identify this bacterium and develop the culture environments as well. Methods In the present study, a hundred below three months year old infants with sepsis hospitalized in ICU sector of Ghaem hospital for one year were studied since Khordad 1388 (June 2010). After getting consent from the infants’ parents, three blood samples of these patients in the sterile container with lid were transferred to the laboratory (two samples for culturing in normal environment and the other for PRC). All of the information was filled out by doctors in the incidence. SPSS 11.5 and descriptive-analytic tests were used for data analysis. Results The findings have shown that 100 below three months year old infants with sepsis clinical symptoms were studied. In none of the environments, the B group Streptococcus grows. For identifying the group B streptococcus, PCR were positive in 3% of infants, but other germs have grown in 5 % of normal culture, and 6 % of developed culture environment. Findings have also shown that 64 % of mothers took antibiotic before delivery. Conclusion With regard to the high rate of anti-biotic consumption by mothers before delivery, it is necessary to use more sensitive methods like PCR to identify the Group B Streptococcus.  

Sepsis, Below Three Months Year Old Infants, Group B Streptococcus, PCR (Polymeras Chain Readins)