Saeid Taghavi Fardood - Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, Zanjan, Iran|Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
Ali Ramazani - Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, Zanjan, Iran|Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
Farzaneh Moradnia - Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, Zanjan, Iran
Zolfa Afshari - Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P O Box ۴۵۱۹۵-۳۱۳, Zanjan, Iran

In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were fabricated using Arabic gum as a reducing and stabilizing agent by the novel sol-gel method without adding any surfactants. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, ZnO nanoparticles as efficient catalysts were consumed for the three-component coupling of 2-naphthol, aldehydes, and dimedone under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions in order to furnish the corresponding synthesis of 12-aryl-tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthene-11-one derivatives in high yields.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles, 12-aryl -tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthene-11-one derivatives, Solvent-free, Microwave irradiation