Different Expression of Immune Responses in Pa-tients with Repeated Implantation Failure

Background: In spite of good clinical endometrial condition and good-quality embryos, implantation failure sometimes occurs. Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a condition in which the embryos implantation decreases in the endometrium. Maternal immune cells such as Th2 and Treg cells (CD4+) which populate the decidua are specialized not only to develop placenta but also to minimize the chances of embryo to be at-tacked as a foreign entity which is transplanted. Understanding the role of these decidual T cells, in normal and abnormal im-plantation has been limited. Therefore, current study aimed to evaluate the expression of Th2-type cytokines such as IL 4, IL 10 and Treg cytokine receptors CCR4, CCR 8 and CD86 gene, in women with RIF.Materials and Methods: Ten eligible patients with RIF and 10 fertile women as control were allocated to different groups: case group (n=10) and control group (n= 10). Genomic evalu-ation using qPCR was performed for all pipelled endometrial samples in the luteal phase for both groups.Results: IL 4, IL 10, CCR4, CCR 8 and CD86 genes expres-sion were detected in endometrial samples of case and control groups. The mean relative expression of these genes was higher in control compared to case group.Conclusion: The production of the Th2-type cytokine IL-4 and IL-10 and Treg cytokine receptors showed to be important for the induction and the maintenance of semi allograft tolerance. These findings suggested that Th2-type cytokines may inhibit the Th1 responses which promote semi allograft tolerance and therefore may improve implantation success.

Keywords:

Repeated Implantation Failure , Th2 Cells , Treg Cells , Endometrial Sample ,