Use of Absorbent Filters (absorbent materials) to Clean the Water from Leakage of Petroleum Products

Petroleum spray is one of the biggest challenges facing the offshore industries of oil companies and the preservation of the environment, especially on the shores of the sea and aquatic life, and considering its economic and environmental impact, it is a global concern that the need to consider this issue and the way to deal Proper and scientific with this problem is necessary to reduce its destructive environmental effects. The basis of the research is the purification of oil spots using natural absorbents, which are subcategories of environmental physical chemistry methods and are the least costly cleaning methods, and have less adverse effects on the sea than other methods. In this study, by examining and comparing a variety of methods and types of adsorbents, the advantage and advantage of using natural sorbents in oil purification were expressed. Also, in this paper, the absorption capacity of raw loofah fibers was investigated for the purification of different types of petroleum products. Research has shown that fiber yields depend on the surface properties of fibers, oil concentration, fiber content, and crude oil temperature to remove crude from seawater. Results highlighted the high yield of Luffa fibers for different types of petroleum products. Also, the hydrophobicity and reusability of Lufa fibers were investigated. Since after three cycles of use, reducing the absorption efficiency by no more than 50% of the initial value, this absorbent showed a great deal of resilience. Petroleum products found in contaminated water can be fats, lubricants, heavy hydrocarbons such as bitumen, grease, crude and light hydrocarbons such as petroleum, fuel, and gasoline. The main industrial sources of oil waste are oil refineries, manufacturers and manufacturers of metal materials, and oil resources in municipal wastewater are human and kitchen waste.