Frequency of Bacteria Isolated from Blood Cultures among Admitted Patients with Septicaemia in Security Rasool Akram Hospital in Rasht

Background and Objectives: Health-care associated infections (HAIs) are a worldwide concern and patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) due to invasive procedures are at higher risk of septicemia. The rapid increase in the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) species in health care centers has led to prolonged hospitalization and additional doses of anti-microbial treatment and makes it a great dilemma to challenge with them. The present study was undertaken to determine the species of bacteria which are identified in blood culture of patients (age 0-90) who are admitted in different hospital wards of Rasoole Akram Hospital in Rasht and due to contamination procedures in sampling. Materials and Methods: All blood samples received between March 2018 and March 2019 from Intensive care unit (ICU) ,cardiac care unit (CCU), men surgery ward, women surgery ward, Emergency department, oncology ward, pediatric ward, Internal part of the hospital, Hospital heart department and NICU were included in the study as part of a national laboratory-based IPD surveillance program. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar medium. Isolates were monitored as resistant, intermediate and sensitive. Results: A total of 12 different specious were identified among the 2755 isolates in this study. Most of the blood samples received from Emergency department and most of the antibiotic resistance specious belonged to female (age> 60). These specious were as follows: E.coli (19%), pseudomonas spp (16%), Klebsiella spp (12%), Staphylococcus aureus (14%), Bulkhulderia cepacia (4%), Acinetobacter spp (2%) Salmonella spp (1%), Serratia spp (1%), Candida spp (1%) and Edwarsiella (1%). Resistance to 39 antibiotic disk (CLSI 2017) was monitored in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed the lowest resistance belonged to nalidixic acid, vancomycin, linezolid, sulbactum and cephalothin, and the highest sensitivity to ofloxacin and ceftazimide. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the necessity to take into account personal hygiene to avoid antibiotic resistance and control antibiotics prescription.