Sahar Khorasani - Ferdows Paramedical School, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Fahimeh Lavi Arab - Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Karim Nikkhah - Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mahmoud Mahmoudi - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Iran.
Forouzan Yousefi - Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Maryam Rastin - Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic inflammatory autoimmune disease which mainly affects young adults. Up to date current treatment for MS are not only effective but also could have serious side effects. Available medication can just slow down progression of disease. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are new potential approaches for treating MS which have attracted worldwide attention. Furthermore, some tolerogenic probiotics showed anti-inflammatory effects which could modulate the immune response in autoimmune disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, on the expression levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines of adipose derived MSCs from (ADMSCs) MS patients and PBMCs() co-culture.Materials and methods: ADMSCs were isolated from MS patients, treated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus (107bac/ml) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii (105bac/ml) and cultured with healthy PBMCs for 24 h. After that, total RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized and the level of gene expression of IL1, IL6, IL10, IL17, Foxp3, TGF-β was analyzed by Real-Time PCR method.Results: Our results showed that the expression level of inflammatory cytokine down-regulated after culturing ADMSCs with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii in comparison with control group. In addition anti-inflammatory cytokines expressions were up-regulated compared with control group.Conclusion: Results of the current study showed that Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii can modulate the expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines of ADMSCs from MS patients. Probiotics can reduce the inflammatory response and could be effective for MS patients under MSCs therapy.

Multiple sclerosis, lactobacillus, mesenchymal stem cells.