Spatial Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in The Covered Areas by Kerman university of medical sciences using Geographic Information System

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most common parasitic diseases in the world caused by protozoan parasites and transmitted to human body through the infected bites of sandflies. CL is an infectious re-emerging endemic vector-borne disease in Iran and Kerman Province.Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the incidence and geographical distribution of CL in the areas covered by Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KMU) using Geographic Information System, during 2013-2018.Materials and Methods: We collected data including the number of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases and population from the healthcare system of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The spatial distribution of CL was assessed by employing binomial test and hotspot analysis.The descriptive maps demonstrating the distribution of CL across different counties were prepared in ArcMap 10.5. The spatial analysis was performed to find at risk areas.Results: The total number of CL cases reported during the study period was 2045, with the mean annual incidence of 30 per 100,000 population. The distribution of CL, in different districts, almost was the same and its spatial variation was not statistically significant, except for Orzooiyeh and Kerman Districts where CL hotspots were observed.Conclusion: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis could be a serious threat for inhabitants who live in high-risk districts: Orzooiyeh and Kerman. An integrated control program and much more resources need to allocate to these areas to prevent, as well as effectively management of this disease.

Keywords:

Spatial Distribution , Cutaneous Leishmaniasis , Geographic Information System , Kerman