Review of prevalence and outcomes intimate partner violence during pregnancy

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major health concern both nationally and globally It is a violation of human rights, and can lead to both physical and mental ailments.The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and outcomes of intimate partnerviolence in Iran and the world. Using the keywords of intimate partner violence, pregnancy,and domestic violence .30 articles from PubMed, google scholar, and Scopus databases wereanalyzed using the following data .The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) defines IPV as physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partneror spouse. According to a last report from World Health Organization (WHO),35% ofwomen universal have experienced either physical and /or sexual violence.rates of IPV during pregnancy variable between 4% and 29%. indicate that almost 1-8% ofpregnant women in developed, and almost 4-29% in developing countries report some typeof violence by a partner .Review studies The prevalence of violence in pregnancy in Iranvary from one city to city and range from 9-60%.Several studies reported adverse outcomes containing increase in fetal injury, perinataldeath, preterm birth , abortion, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, lowbirth weight ,prenatal hospitalization, rupture of urethra, infection, bleeding, and bad mentalhealth outcome and maternal behavioral risks including anxiety disorders, depression,suicide (attempts), delayed entry into prenatal care, post-traumatic stress disorder, poormaternal nutrition and use of tobacco, alcohol.