Parvaneh Keshavarz - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Hedyeh Fazel - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Alireza Sharafshah - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Background and Aim : The associations of OPRM1 gene variants with opioid dependence have been demonstrated. This study investigated the association of rs495491, rs589046, and rs10457090 variants of OPRM1 gene with opium dependence and their haplotypes among addicted men undergoing methadone treatment. Methods : 404 individuals were genotyped by Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR. All statistical analyses were performed by SNPAlyze version 8 and SPSS version 20. Results : Results revealed that rs495491, rs589046, and rs10457090 were significantly associated with opium dependence under recessive (P=6.66E-10), co-dominant (P=0.001), and recessive (P=9.28E-6) models of inheritance, respectively. Further analyses showed three significant haplotypes including A-A-C (P-permutation<0.01), G-A-C (P-permutation<0.01), and G-G-C (P-permutation<0.001). Genotype-phenotype associations of OPRM1 variants with insomnia and libido dysfunction showed no significant association. Conclusion : Altogether, rs495491, rs589046, and rs10457090 were associated with opioid dependence among Iranians and the significant haplotype algorithms of them might be set for designing further diagnosis kits in the genetic laboratories.

OPRM1, opioid dependence, association, libido dysfunction, Insomnia.