Kinematic and Acoustic Analysis of Parkinson Disease

Background and Aim : Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative illness that characterized by impairment of basal ganglia function that affecting neuromotor systems responsible for speech motor control. The causes of Parkinson include perinatal injury, cerebrovascular accidents and neurodegenerative diseases, which damage brain areas involved in planning and executing speech gestures. The muscles activating speech and phonation such as jaw, tongue and lips, have shown to be highly affecting by this disease. Therefore, speech is considered a vehicular tool to detect and grade neuromotor deterioration. Acoustic and kinematic analysis are the most important analysis that many researchers have been used to show speech features and they can help to differentiate disorders correctly. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to gain initial insights in speech muscles performance and acoustic features of person with Parkinson.Methods : This review article is about kinematic and Acoustic analysis in Parkinsonism clients and the relevant articles were extracted from Science Direct, Pro quest and Pub med Data Bases. 20 articles had been selected according to inclusion criteria from 2000 to 2019 and 4 of them had been deleted by exclusion criteria.Results : Different studies of kinematic analysis showed that the amplitude of movement in PD people were reduced related to normal group (NG). Although peak velocities were lower for the PD than the NG subjects, velocity changes were consistent with the reduced movement amplitude. The amplitude-velocity relationship was not different for the PD subjects compared to the NG subject. Another difference between the groups was in the segment duration. The segment duration in NG people was longer than PD people. Acoustic analysis pointed to the greater changes of jitter and shimmer in PD people related to NG people. Voice Onset Time (VOT) in PD was more than NG. Furthermore, the first vowel formant in PD was lower than NG and finally, the articulatory-acoustic vowel space (AAVS) measure, one of the most important acoustic component, was significantly lower in individual with PD.Conclusion : The current study shows that Speech motor deficits can be described on the basis of acoustic and kinematic measures. Theses parameters can be used for speech motor disorders. Furthermore, Insight in speech motor performance pattern of persons with Parkinson can be used to optimize speech interventions that aim to maximize speech function. They can also lead to development of new treatment approaches for person with Parkinson.

Keywords:

Kinematic , Acoustic , Dysarthria , Parkinson