A Review on the Wound Treatment by 3D Bio-Printing

Background: The skin attends different essential functions like thermoregulation, hydration, synthesis of vitamin D, and excretion. As the body s remarkable multifunctional organs and the first line of immune defense, taking care of the skin and wound healing plays a vital role in health and beauty. Tissue engineering has new and beneficial methods such as 3D bio-printing we can use for wound healing, transplants, wound dressing, and other similar areas.Method: In this review, we focus on the wound treatment -especially ones more difficult to repair; by analyzing articles from databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. This research has been done with keywords wound, healing, 3D printing, bio-printing, skin, and chronic from 2014 to 2019.Result: Engineered skin tissue has qualified clinical uses. The three main bioprinting strategies for skin tissue engineering are microvalve-based, laser‐based, and extrusion‐based, where skin cells can be printed in the form of cell-suspensions, cell-spheroids, or cell-encapsulated hydrogels. The treatment methods for skin replacement and tissue repair have expanded from the utilization of autologous epidermal sheets to more bi-layered cutaneous tissue-engineered skin substitutes, but there are limits.Conclusion: These methods are operational but new. There are challenges such as inadequate vascularization and inability to reconstitute skin appendages such as hair follicles and sweat gland formation. Future studies should focus more on problems, try to make 3D bio-printing more cost-effective and comprehensive at clinical uses.

Keywords:

wound healing , 3D printing , skin