Incidence and risk factors of Medical device related pressure ulcer in patients admitted to the intensive care units

Objective: Medical device related pressure ulcers (MDRPUs) developed on the skin of the area under medical devices such as the endotracheal tube, NG tube, and pulse oximeter probe. Since 2016, after MDRPUs have been added to the international definition of pressure ulcers, number of study about this type of pressure ulcers increased entire the world significantly. Critically ill patients in intensive care units are at high risk of MDRPUs development because most of them use medical device. However, study about in this topic in Iranian setting is very limited. So present study conducted to examine the incidence and risk factors of MDRPUs in this group of patients.Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study that conducted in 2019. One hundred ninety-one patients who admitted to intensive care units of hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences selected with using convenience sampling method. Inclusion criteria were having at least one medical device that attached to patient s skin for one hour and more. Data collected with sing a self-designed demographic checklist, a checklist for patient-connected medical devices, Braden Scale, NPUAP Pressure Grading Scale, and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002. Data were analyzed with using SPSS 16 software.Results: Of the 191 patients studied, 42 (19.9%) developed some degree of had MDRPUs. From those, 28 (66%) were sage 1, 11 (26%) were stage 2 and 3 (7%) were stage 3. Among the all medical devices caused pressure ulcers, the most commonly reported ones were oxygen masks 14 cases (42.4%), nasal cannula 13 cases (19.4%) and endotracheal tubes 9 cases (14.1%) (Figure 1, 2 and 3). The most common anatomic site for MDRPUs in our study was the back of the ear (27 cases). Among the demographic variables, only the patients age was related to incidence of MDRPUs (older patients developed more MDRPUs) (p = 0.02).Conclusions: Rate of MDRPUs is high among Iranian critically ill patients in intensive care units. Urgent intervention such as using MDRPUs prevention protocol in hospitals is needed. Further study in this regards recommended specially among patients in other hospital wards recommended strongly.

Keywords:

Pressure injury rate , critically ill patients , medical device , ICU.