Cytotoxicity assay of Two Species of Cousinia against Four Cell Lines

Introduction:Cancers are one of the group of disorders with difficulty in treatment and sometimes are incurable. Several investigations have been performed in order to find new drugs in treatment of cancers but unfortunately, many of drugs are not efficient enough and there is a lack of information about prevention and treatment of this kind of disease yet. Plants can be a source of natural compounds and nowadays many researchers have been interested to them in order to find efficient plants to cure cancers (1). Cousinia is the largest genus of Asteraceae and comprises about 650 species around the world. Most of these species are mainly found in central and south west of Asia. The genus comprises of 210 species in Iran from which 172 species are endemic to the country (2). C. harazensis Rech.f. and C. calocephala Jaub. & Spach are endemics to Iran.Methods:Aerial parts of plants were collected from Lasem city (Mazandaran Province) in July 2018. The air-dried and milled whole plants were macerated for 24 hours in methanol 80% and this rout was repeated for four times. The Cell lines for this examination were Human ovarian carcinoma A2780, mammary gland T-47D, epithelial of lung tissue A549 and hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 and this assessment was done via MTT assay method (3). Results:The results of this study show that IC50 of methanol extract of C. harazensis against T-47D, A549 and Hep G2 respectively are: 32.2, 31.6 and 4.5 μg/ml and against A2780 the effect was relative and transient increasing proliferation and EC50 of C. calocephala against A2780 were 8.03 μg/ml and against Hep G2 were increasing relative and transient proliferation and against other cell lines this extract don’t have effect. Conclusion:Both of extracts have different effects on these selected cell lines, in our future researches such as phytochemical studies we will purify and detect that which compounds are responsible for these cytotoxicity or proliferative activities.

Keywords:

Cousinia harazensis , C. calocephala , Cytotoxicity , A2780 , T-47D , A549 , Hep G2