Seyedesomaye Jasemi - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi - Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Emaneini - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra Ahmadinejad - Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction and Objectives: Anaerobic bacteria cause a diverse range of serious and fatal infections. Increasing evidences have reported approximately 20% mortality rate due to anaerobic infections. As identification of anaerobic bacteria are difficult, and time- and cost-consuming task, therefore anaerobic infections are usually treated by empirical therapy. It seems that screening and detection of these bacteria in clinical samples are must for treatment of patients. This study were, therefore isolation and identification of the most common anaerobic bacteria isolated from different clinical samples. Materials and Methods: clinical samples were collected from 100 hospitalized patients in different part of Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran, Iran between May 2018 and May 2019. The samples were Processed for Gram staining and anaerobic cultures were done following standard techniques. Species identification was performed by VITEK 2 system. Results: Among 100 studied patients, anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 22 patients (22%). Anaerobes were predominantly isolated from abdominal collection (9%), blood (5%) and wound infection (5%). The most frequent anaerobes were Bacteroides (n=12) and Clostridioides (n=5). Conclusion: Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from different clinical samples. Improving and setting up of anaerobic bacteriology in laboratories as well as information about most common anaerobic bacteria in clinical samples may assist to clinicians for empirical therapy.

Anaerobic bacteria, clinical samples, diagnosis