Antibiotic resistance plasmids gene profile in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from burn patients

Introduction: Bacterial resistant to antibiotics, especially those that are multidrug resistant, are increasingly major health care problem around the world. The antibiotic resistance of bacteria is achieved through the concerted activities of mobile genetic elements. These elements are able to move within or between DNA molecules, which include insertion sequences, transposons, and gene cassettes/integrons, and those that are able to transfer between bacterial cells, such as plasmids and integrative conjugative elements. This study aims to outline the presence of the antibiotic resistance plasmid gene in Staphylococcus aureus, as one of the hospital pathogens.Materials & Methods: Total of 295 isolates were obtained from burn patients during one year (January 2018 to January 2019). Isolates were evaluated for detection of S. aureus by standard biochemical and bacteriological tests. Antibacterial Resistance pattern was determination by disk diffusion method (CLSI 2018). Confirmed samples were extracted for plasmid by MAXI preparation alkaline lysis with SDS. By using specific primers, resistant genes (blaZ, dfrA, ermB, ermC, ileS, mphBM and msrA) were investigated by PCR method on extracted plasmids. Results: Out of 295 isolates, 93(31.52%) S. aureus were detected. The frequency of studied genes were as follows: blaZ 91(97.8%), dfrA 85(91.4%), ermB 26(28%), ermC 87(93.5%), ileS 20(21.5%), mphBM 85(91.4%) and msrA 74(79.6%). The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes showed, that a significant correlation was found between the behavior of these antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance plasmid genes. Conclusion: The plasmids plays a central role in facilitating genetic exchange and promote the acquisition and spread of antibiotic resistance genes among prevalent staphylococcus isolates. This exchange is a perilous step in formation and increasing the risk of missing antibiotic treatment of Staphylococcus bacteria.

Keywords:

Staphylococcus aureus , Burn patients , Antibiotic resistance , plasmid