Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance of Urinary Tract Pathogens among hospitalized patients in Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran

Introduction and objectives: Nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infection diseases. In this study we established the microbial etiologies of UTI and anti-microbial resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens causing UTIs in hospitalized patients at the Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2017 to March 2019 in Ghaem hospital. Urine samples were collected and processed following standard operating procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done following Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute 2014 guidelines. Results: We identified 3634 microorganisms (2731 bacteria and 903 yeasts). Escherichia coli was the most frequently microorganism isolated (44%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (16%) and Eenterococcus faecalis (16%). E.coli was highly resistant to ampicillin (83.6%), piperacillin (81.9%), cefazolin (67.9%), ceftriaxone (63.15%) and cefixime (63%) while less resistance rate was found for nitrofurantoin (7.6%), amikacin (7.3%) and meropenem (4.1%). The most antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia was to ampicillin (95.7%), cefazolin (78.9%), ceftriaxone (70.3%), ceftazidime (65.8%) and cefepime (61.4%) and the least antibiotic resistance was to amikacin (31.%), nitrofurantoin (39.7%) and imipenem (40.1%). For Eenterococcus faecalis strains, the most and the least antibiotic resistance was observed to gentamicin (61.2%) and linezolid (4.6%) respectively. Conclusions: In this study, family of enterobacteriaceae were the most common causes of UTIs. and their antimicrobial resistance patterns is advantageous and necessary in order to design a guideline for empirical therapy.

Keywords:

Antibiotic Resistance , Urinary Tract , infections