Comparison of the gene expression of Nox5 and sperm parameters in oligospermic men

Background: Infertility is a global issue which has affected 15-20% of couples. Within the past two decades, understanding of reproduction system and its related factors has grown dramatically, especially the role of male factor in infertility. Previous research has shown that 20% of infertilities are caused by male infertility. Oxidative stress which leads to the production of Active oxygen types (ROS) is recognized as a key factor involved in male infertility. However, its physiological values are estimated by the enzymes in NADpH family. In the case of disrupted spermatogenesis and maintenance of extra cytoplasm, there is an increase of ROS in unnatural sperm. Moreover, there is research-based evidence that sperm parameters also affect infertility. Materials and methods: In this research, the sample consisted of 50 healthy and 50 oligospermic male subjects. A semen sample was taken from both groups to analyze sperm parameters as well as mRNA expression in Nox5 gene. Results: Sperm parameters including sperm count, volume and morphology in the seminal fluid of the control group enjoyed a better and more proper state than the oligospermic group. Analysis of Nox5 expression showed to be increased in the oligospermic group as compared to the healthy group. Discussion: The present findings confirmed the effect of oxidative stress as involved in male infertility. Therefore, a proper therapeutic approach can hope to reduce ROS level with the help of antioxidants and improve sperm quality. It can also reduce the expression of oxidant genes such as Nox5 and thus increase male fertility.