Nanotechnology Applications in Personalized Medicine

Introduction and Objectives: Due to the limitations of standard diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, the disease treatment is moving towards tailored treatment for individual patients, considering the inter-individual variability in therapeutic response. Personalized medicine, medical treatments are tailored to the specific characteristics of individual patients because No single therapeutic agent is recognized to produce the same effect in different patients with a single type of disease. Nanotechnology-based tools and techniques are rapidly emerging in the fields of medical imaging and targeted drug delivery. Employing constructs such as dendrimers,liposomes, nanoshells, nanotubes, emulsions and quantum dots, these advances lead toward the concept of personalized medicine and the potential for very early, even presymptomatic, diagnoses coupled with highly-effective targeted therapy.Materials and Methods: The retrieved studies were searched through the PubMed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, Scopus, databases. Different studies have been demonstrated that Some applications of nanotechnology in medicine including: Nanodiagnostics (Molecular diagnostics Imaging with nanoparticle contrast materials ), Nanobiosensors, Nanopharmaceuticals ( Nanotechnology-based drugs, Targeted drug delivery to site of action, Drug delivery from implanted nanopumps and nanocoated stents), Reconstructive surgery ( Tissue engineering with nanobiotechnology scaffolds, Implantation of rejection-resistant artificial tissues and organs), Nanorobotics ( Vascular surgery by nanorobots introduced into the vascular System, Remote controlled nanorobots for detection and destruction of cancer, Nanosurgery ( Nanosensors implanted in catheters to provide real-time data during surgery, Nanolaser surgery.Results and Conclusions: Applications of nanobiotechnology are beginning to show an impact on the practice of conventional medicine. Nanotechnology will enable design and delivery of more effective drugs with targeted delivery increasing efficacy and reducing toxicity.

Keywords:

Nanotechnology , Personalized medicine , Nanodiagnostics , Nanobiosensors