A retrospective study on the most common bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance pattern in urinary tract infections in 2012-2017

Background: Urinary tract infection one of the most common bacterial infections that can be presented asymptomatic or symptomatic and different antimicrobial resistant patterns in hospitalized patients and outpatients. Treatment of UTI has become challenging due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens. In order to assess the efficacy of therapy, study of prevalence and resistance pattern of the bacteria is necessary. Methods: This study was conducted on the results of research performed during 2012-2017. Studies were eligible if they investigated and reported resistance in hospital and community acquired urinary tract infection in people aged 0-50. Electronic searches text words identified more than 100 papers. Two independent reviewers performed assessing study quality and data extraction. Results: In this study, It has been shown that urinary tract infection in females is more than males. E. coli was usually the most common pathogen involved in UTI. In some studies, Klebsiella pneumoniae and in others, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus spp. were the most abundant after E.coli. E. coli isolates, as the most frequent Gram negative bacteria, showed high susceptibility to nitrofurantoin but high resistance was observd for different antimicrobial agents. Also Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates, as the most frequent Gram positive bacteria, showed high susceptibility to nitrofurantoin Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, E.coli isolates were the dominant pathogens in UTI. Our results showed that nitrofurantoin can be effective in treating urinary tract infection. Our findings reinforce the need for ongoing investigations of the trends of antibiotic resistance for effective antibiotic prescription in the clinics.

Keywords:

antimicrobial resistance , urinary tract infection , pattern