Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells (AMSc): new perspectives for cancer cell therapies

Introduction: Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that have the ability to differentiate into any specialized cells capable of cell division through mitosis. AMSc are advantageous cells for such therapeutic schemes and can be more preferencable than other stem cells for characteristics. Such as, immunologically privileged (no reaction even between completely unrelated donors and recipients), no ethical, many more stem cells, a sort of hybrid between embryonic and adult stem cells in terms of their plasticity and differentiation abilities, high levels of hyaluronic acid, and potential nature anti-microbial characteristic. Description: Recent studies have elucidated that cell-based therapies are promising for cancer treatments. AMSc have immunosuppressive, antitumor, and tumor-tropism properties. Furthermore, reported that hyperthermia-treated MSCs (heat treated MSCs) exerted antitumor effects on human carcinoma. An increase in the Bax expression in cancer cells confirms the activation of apoptosis by increase in P21 and P53 gene expressions by AMSc Maintains its telomere length and natural tendency. AMSc have a chromosomal stability up to 250 doubling time and high proliferation rather than other stem cells Tumor tropism cheracteristic of AMSc can results in used as vehicles for suicide gene transfer to tumors for the process called gene-directed enzyme/prodrug combination (GEPC) therapy. In these strategies, amniotic-derived stem cells effectively target the tumor and suppressed the tumor growth by expressing various cytotoxic cytokines.Discusion and Conclusion:AMSC have advantages when introduced to other bodies because they are non-tumorigenic and cause low immunogenicity and anti-inflammation. Not only are amnionic membrane stem cells applicable in regenerative medicine, they have anticancer capacity. In non-engineered stem cells transplantation strategies, amnion-derived stem cells effectively target the tumor and suppressed the tumor growth by Owing to their own advantageous properties, amnion-derived stem cells are emerging as a new candidate in anticancer therapy.