The Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Cnidosculus Aconitifolius on Cardiorenal Functions in Hypertensive and Normotensive Male Wistar Rats

Background: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is widely used by traditional healers in treating plethora of ailments either alone, in combination with other therapeutic agents or as addictive to food/drinks. This study investigated the effect of different doses of C. aconitifolius on cardiorenal function in both normotensive and hypertensive male Wistar rats.Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats (۱۲۰-۱۵۰ g) were categorized into two normotensive and hypertensive groups. Normotensive was group ۱ receiving food and water; while normotensive groups ۲ and ۳ received food and water together with ۲۰۰ mg and ۸۰۰ mg of C. aconitifolius for ۴ weeks. The hypertensive group ۱ received only high salt diet (HSD) and water and hypertensive groups ۲ and ۳ received HSD and water together with ۲۰۰ mg and ۸۰۰ mg of C. aconitifolius, respectively for ۴ weeks after confirmation of hypertension. The animals were sacrifice by cervical dislocation and blood sample was collected, and serum was decanted for assays; while heart and kidney were harvested for histological investigation.Results: There were significant reductions in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure in hypertensive animals; while was not different in normotensive animals. Urine creatinine and fractional excretion decreased; while the histomorphology of the heart in hypertensive animals showed restorative and regenerative effects of C. aconitifolius.Conclusion: This study suggests that C. aconitifolius potentiates cardiorenal functions by affecting the functional markers, as well as histology.

Keywords:

Cnidosculus aconitifolius , Cardiorenal , Hypertension , Creatinine , Rat