The Effectiveness of Interventions based on the Protection Motivation Theory on Healthy Eating Behaviours: A Systematic Review Study

Introduction: One sixth of the diseases in all countries of the world are found to be caused by malnutrition and improper food selection at different times and under various conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interventions based on the protection motivation model on healthy eating behaviours in a systematic way.Materials and Methods: All articles were systematically retrieved from information sources, including Persian databases of Iran-Medex and SID as well as English databases as PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, Science direct, and Google scholar. The keywords were as follows: healthy eating behaviour, protection motivation, theory, behaviour, healthy nutrition and intervention.Results: In the first search, ۲۴۷ articles were obtained. After reviewing them in terms of the inclusion criteria, ۸ articles were included in this study. The duration of the intervention was between ۱ week and ۲۴ months and the nutritional behaviours of the individuals were studied during this period. Lectures, questions and answers, the use of telephone calls and paper educational messages, and food were often used in the context of information transfer. The results indicate the effectiveness of protection motivation theory on improving the nutritional behaviours of individuals.Conclusion: The results of the previous intervention studies indicated that the greater the perceived barriers to protective behaviour, the less motivated a person in performing protective behaviours. A positive and statistically significant correlation was also found between perceived self-efficacy and protection motivation in the investigated studies.

Keywords:

Interventions , Protection motivation model , Healthy eating behaviours