Carvedilol attenuates acrylamide-induced brain damage through inhibition of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic mediators
Publish place: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences، Vol: 25، Issue: 1
Publish Year: 1401
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_IJBMS-25-1_009
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 2 بهمن 1400
Abstract:
Objective(s): Acrylamide is a potent neurotoxic compound and has harmful effects on brain cells. Acrylamide promotes oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic mediators in the CNS leading to neurological disorders. The goal of the current study was to examine the potential protective effect of carvedilol and its underlying mechanisms in a mouse model of acrylamide-induced brain injury. Materials and Methods: Mice were treated with acrylamide (۵۰ mg/kg/day, IP) and carvedilol (۵ and ۱۰ mg/kg/day, oral) for ۱۱ continuous days. At the end of the experiment, mice were subjected to gait assessment. They were sacrificed and brain tissues were collected for histological and biochemical analysis. Results: The results showed that treatment of mice with carvedilol decreased acrylamide-induced bodyweight loss, abnormal gait, and histopathological damage in the brain tissue. Carvedilol treatment significantly reduced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl protein and increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), nuclear factor erythroid ۲-related factor ۲ (Nrf۲), and heme oxygenase-۱ (HO-۱). Carvedilol treatment also decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-۱β, and IL-۶ in the brain of mice exposed to acrylamide. Furthermore, administration of carvedilol significantly decreased the levels of bax, cytochrome-c, and caspase-۳ as markers of apoptosis in acrylamide-treated mice. Conclusion: These findings indicate that carvedilol is able to attenuate acrylamide-induced damage to the CNS by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Authors
Keyvan Amirshahrokhi
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Arezoo Abzirakan
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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