Environmental risk assessments of CuCl۲ and AgSo۴ toxicity in Gambusia holbrooki based on ISO ۳۱۰۰۰

Heavy metal pollution and its effect on biota are one of the human concerns nowadays. The amount of heavy metal in a medium, reaches more than a specific limit, it becomes toxic for those animals that live in the environment. The aim of this study was to assessments environmental risk based on ISO ۳۱۰۰۰ in water and the toxicity of heavy metal in fish (Gambusia holbrooki) through conduction of a static bioassay. Environmental risk management provides a basis for decisions about the most appropriate approach to be used to treat the risks. According to our results, Concentrations for Ag were ۰.۰۰۱۶, ۰.۰۰۳۵, ۰.۰۰۶۲۵, ۰.۰۱۲۵ and ۰.۰۲۵ mg/kg, respectively. Concentrations for Cu were ۰.۱۶, ۰.۳۵, ۰.۶۲۵, ۱.۲۵ and ۲.۵ mg/kg, respectively. Results showed that heavy metal toxicity (Ag & Cu) had a significant effect on fish. No Observable Effect (NOEL) for Ag and Cu were ۰.۰۰۱۶ and ۰.۱۶ mg/kg, respectively, and No Observable Adverse Effect (NOAEL) of them were ۰.۰۲۵ and ۲.۵ mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, Ag toxicity was significantly very higher than Cu toxicity for fish. Environmental risk assessments based on ISO ۳۱۰۰۰ is a useful tool for all areas of risk and permits the identification of how and where it may be possible to improve controls.

Keywords:

Environmental Risk , Heavy metal , Gambusia fish , ISO ۳۱۰۰۰