Rapid advanced in agricultural production and development of modern orchards establishment: a bright prospect for horticulture development in Kermanshah province, Iran

Pomology is one of the most important aspects of agricultural economy in many countries. The development of sustainable agriculture through the implementation of long-term plans such as the establishment of modern orchards can ensure the economic stability and food security of a country. Modern orchards are those that are often "high density," meaning a density of ۱۰۰۰ to ۵۰۰۰ trees per hectare. Therefore, modern orchards are generally considered commercial orchards, as the cultivated trees are no longer considered trees in the true sense of the word. Kermanshah province, which has a long history of horticulture, has an area of about ۲۵۰۰۰ km۲, of which about ۴۰۰۰۰ ha are set aside for orchards. Due to diverse climatic conditions and almost sufficient rainfall, Kermanshah province is capable of producing many fruit trees such as temperate, tropical and subtropical fruits, nuts and small fruits. In this regard, establishing modern orchards with high planting density (about ۱۰۰۰ to ۲۰۰۰ trees/ha) can be an effective step to expand horticulture in this province. The latter requires the incorporation of various scientific and artistic fields, such as tissue culture technology, to produce dwarf rootstocks as the main element of a modern orchard. In addition, the education and pruning system is considered an inseparable management tool for high production in this system. This review addresses the important aspects of modern orcharding to help all students, growers, and stakeholders.

Keywords:

Horticulture , High density planting , Modern orchard , Kermanshah province