Bioinformatics analysis of changes FNDC۵ gene expression in skeletal muscle of whey protein-treated mice

Background: Irisin production is a metabolic pathway that results from the poroteolytic breakdown of theFNDC۵ protein, which is secreted from skeletal muscle as an exercise hormone during exercise. Consideringthat food compounds can affect metabolic pathways, gene expression and protein production, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the results of the effect of whey protein on the expression of some genes, productionof dependent proteins and the study of thermogenesis in skeletal muscle.Materials and Methods: In this study, ۲۰ male mice were divided into four groups: placebo,supplementation treatment, exercise and simultaneous supplementation and exercise treatment.Supplementation was performed with whey protein. Then muscle tissue samples were taken and theexpression of FNDC۵ gene in muscle was evaluated. Finally, we were investigated the correlation of FNDC۵gene expression with genes involved in skeletal muscle thermogenesis, protein interaction and metabolicpathways with string databases and cytoscape software.Results: The results showed that whey protein supplementation had a positive effect on FNDC۵ geneexpression and bioinformatics analysis confirmed the correlation between irisin levels, gene expression andthermogenesis. Also found that UCP۱ and PPARa are genes in the process of thermogenesis in skeletalmuscle that are associated with FNDC۵ / Irisin in this metabolic pathway.Conclusion: Protein compounds with their structure and components have a great impact on the expressionof genes and metabolism in the body. Therefore, it was found that whey protein increases the level of irisinby activating molecular signaling pathways and increasing gene expression. Today, the use of protein is astrategy to treat obesity and improve athletic performance, and protein supplements seem to be the mostsuitable combination for achieving high doses of Irisin and thermogenesis.

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Key words: FNDC۵ , Bioinformatics , Gene expression , Irisin , Whey protein