Optimal Control of Islanded Micro grid Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Microgrid is defined as a controllable unit which consists of Distributed Generations (DG), loads, energy storages and control devices. Microgrid has two operation modes including grid connected mode and islanding mode. In grid connected mode, voltage and frequency of microgrid is controlled by main grid and DG’s supply total or part of the loads. In the islanding mode, the microgrid is disconnected from main grid because of a fault or a preplanned switching in connecting line. In this mode, DG’s should satisfy the power demand of sensitive loads in microgrid. Since the only generation units in an islanded microgrid are existing DG units which usually are from several types. Consequently besides feeding total loads, voltage and frequency of microgrid should be controlled by these DG units. Hence, the microgrid could supply high power quality and reliability to customers. This paper presents an optimization method to optimize the parameters of the Microgrid controller in islanding mode. The controller optimal parameters have been obtained by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). This is done based on minimization of the error in the current and voltage controllers. Finally, simulation has been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the optimized controller. Stability analysis of the controller is verified using classical approach.

Keywords:

Distributed Generation , Microgrid , Islanding , Droop Control , Power Sharing