Effect of Vitamin D on Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity and Resistance in Type ۲ Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Context: In recent years, non-bone diseases have been shown associated with vitamin D deficiency, of which type ۲ diabetes is agroup of metabolic disorders caused by insulin deficiency. VitaminDdeficiency affects the metabolic function of the cells, includingbeta-pancreatic cells. Regarding the effectiveness of vitamin D to control type ۲ diabetes, the present study aimed at reviewing therelationship between vitamin D, glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance in type ۲ diabetes.Evidence Acquisition: In this review, descriptive and analytic studies were analyzed using biochemical tests, questionnaires, andinterviews. Using the keywords, such as vitamin D, type ۲ diabetes, and insulin resistance, ۱۱ articles, including descriptive-analytic,cross-sectional, case-control and interventional studies published from ۱۹۸۶ to ۲۰۱۸ were included.Results: The levels of ۲۵-hydroxyvitamin D in diabetics, women, and obese people are lower than others, which can indicate theeffect of vitaminDon glucose homeostasis. In addition, vitaminDaffects intracellular calcium, and, consequently insulin secretion.It can be said that vitamin D deficiency can make calcium unable to regulate insulin secretion.Conclusions: According to the studies, it can be concluded that vitamin D can be effective to prevent and control type ۲ diabetes.Also, there is no association between vitamin D and insulin secreted by food and hemoglobin A۱c.

Keywords:

Vitamin D Deficiencies , Diabetes Mellitus Type ۲ , Insulin Secretion , Insulin Resistance