Cytochrome P۴۵۰ ۲C۱۹ polymorphism in Iranian patients with coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND: The polymorphisms of cytochrome P۴۵۰ ۲C۱۹ (CYP۲C۱۹) gene are major prognostic factors for the response to clopidogrel therapy in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD). The CYP۲C۱۹*۲ is the most important allele responsible for resistance to clopidogrel therapy. This study examined CYP۲C۱۹ gene polymorphism (CYP۲C۱۹*۱ and *۲) in Iranian patients.   METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on ۴۳ Iranian patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and received drug-eluted stents (DES). CYP۲C۱۹ polymorphisms were assessed using real time PCR and frequency of CYP۲C۱۹*۱ and CYP۲C۱۹*۲ were determined, and then homo- or heterozygous state of genes was detected by Melt Curve Analysis method.   RESULTS: Forty three patients (mean age = ۵۸.۸ ± ۱۰.۰ years, ۷۹.۱% male) participated in this study. CYP۲C۱۹*۱/CYP۲C۱۹*۱ genotype was observed in ۳۱ (۷۲.۱%) of participates, CYP۲C۱۹*۱/CYP۲C۱۹*۲ genotype in ۱۰ (۲۳.۳%), and CYP۲C۱۹*۲/CYP۲C۱۹*۲ genotype in ۲ patients (۴.۷%). The frequency of CYP۲C۱۹*۲ allele in the sample was ۲۷.۹%.   CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of CYP۲C۱۹*۲ gene polymorphism in Iranian patients. Further studies with larger samples or longitudinal are required to determine the effects of this polymorphism on the prognosis of CAD patients in our population.   Keywords: CYP۲C۱۹, Polymorphism, Clopidogrel, Coronary Artery Disease, Iran.